Causes Of The Civil War Essay -- essays research papers fc

CAUSE OF THE CIVIL WARIn 1860, the worlds greatest nation was locked in Civil War. The contend divided the country between the North and South. There were many factors that caused this war, but the main ones were the different interpretations of the Constitution by the North and South, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the arrival ofLincoln in office. These factors were very crucial in the bringing upon of the destruction of the Union. They caused immediate war.In 1791, the tenth amendment was added to the Constitution. The tenth amendment states that The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, be reserved to the states respectively, or to the people. (Bailey 16) This amendment was the basis in which the South kept slavery. The states believed that since nothing was written in the Constitution about who should decide about the slavery issue, that thence the states had the power to decide. On the other hand, the North didnt fe el such a issue was part of states rights. South Carolina was the first state to secede from the nation other southern states followed after, thus causing the Civil War. After South Carolina adopted an Ordinance of Secession, the SouthCarolina convention issued a Declaration of Causes of SecessionIn it, it statedBy this Constitution certain duties were imposed uponthe several states, and the exercise of certain of their powerswere restrained.....But an ...

Cars :: essays research papers

Looking for a fast and affordable small car? Two excellent choices are the Mitsubishi Eclipse GT and the Pontiac princely Am GT. The Pontiac fantastic Am GT and the Mitsubishi Eclipse GT are equivalent yet different in several ways. The Pontiac Grand Am and the Mitsubishi Eclipse are similar in that theyre both affordable and fast small cars. First, both are under $25,000 brand new, with the Grand Am GT costing near $18,000 and a Mitsubishi Eclipse GT costing $20,000. The Grand Am GT goes 0-60 in 7.5 seconds, while the Eclipse sprints 0-60 in 7.9 seconds. The average 0-60 time for a small inexpensive car is around 11 seconds. Another similarity is they both have V6 engines. The Grand Am has a responsive 3.3L 175 hp V6 with 205 lb/ft of torque. The Eclipse has a 3.0L 200 hp V6 that kicks out 205 lb/ft of torque as well. They are both small, automatic transmission cars that seat up to 5 people. The Grand Am weights in at 3,100 lb and the Eclipse weights 3,200 lb. Grand Ams and Ecl ipses each have a different interior and exterior function however. For example, the style on the exterior of the cars is dramatically different. The Grand Am has an exuberant styling sure to attract attention. The Eclipse, on the other hand is a nice face car, but it doesnt look quite as fancy or as sporty as the Grand Am because it doesnt have the force back intake on the hood of the car, nor does it have dual exhaust like the Grand Am GT. Another difference is in the interior design. The Grand Ams interior is gaudy looking plastic and is plainly laid out. The Eclipse interior is more attractive and just doesnt look cheap like the Grand Am.

The Theme of Capital Punishment in Norman Mailers The Executioners So

The Theme of Capital Punishment in Norman Mailers The Executioners SongThroughout this entire book many different points of view are present. Since the principal(prenominal) topic of the book is the murders that Gary Gilmore committed and the controversy of his sentence, it was difficult to choose the exact thesis. I believe I came pretty close with the one that I bind chosen. I believe that Norman Mailers thesis in The Executioners Song (1979) is The controversy over capital punishment.One reason I believe that this is the thesis is because Gary Gilmore says, Nicole my inclination is to let them execute me. (473) By Gary telling Nicole, his girlfriend, this he shows that he is ready and willing to accept the fact that what he did was wrong. His preferred method of execution is to be shot....

Essay --

CFO Scott Sullivan was in charge of corporate accounting at WorldCom. Reporting to Sullivan was Cynthia Cooper, Vice President of Internal Audit, and David Myers, Controller. Buford Yates, Jr., film director of General Accounting, reported to Myers. Reporting to Yates was Troy Normand, Betty Vinson and Mark Abide. The accounting fraud perpetuated at WorldCom by multiple executives centers around fraudulently reporting line approach expenses. The 2002 indictment, United States of America v. Scott D. Sullivan and Buford Yates Jr., appropriately summarizes the fraudulently reported line addresss expensesFrom in or about October 2000 through or about June 2002, Scott D. Sullivan and Buford Yates, Jr., the defendants, and their co-conspirators, engaged in an illegal scheme to inflate artificially WorldComs publicly reported earnings by falsely and fraudulently reducing reported line cost expenses. To effect this illegal scheme . . . made entries in WorldComs general ledger, crediti ng line costs and debiting, among other accounts, various reserve and capital accounts. AS Sullivan, Yates, and their co-conspirators knew, in that respect was no justification in fact, or under Generally Accepted Accounting Principle (GAAP), for theses entries. (United States of America V. Scott D. Sullivan and Buford Yates, Jr. 2002, 7)As a result, WorldCom was able to raise cash flows and profits oer this time period. These accounting practices enabled WorldCom to disguise the firms actual nets losses because capital expenditures can be deducted over a longer period of time, whereas expenses must be subtracted from revenue immediately (Ferrell 1)Unethical Decision MakersScott Sullivan and Buford Yates were not the only executives or employe... ...uired if Emigh knew who had informed Sue dean of the new policy. Again, being true to his character, Emigh was upfront and told Smith that he, in fact was the one who had gone to Sue Dean. The following day, Emigh was informed by hi s immediate supervisor that he had committed an infraction by not following orders and carrying out the new policy. A senior vice president had ordered that Emigh be officially reprimanded and punished (Reaves 6). Emigh knew it was going to be bad but explained to his wife that he had a responsibility to the share holders as well to himself. Ten weeks later, Kim Emigh was fired. In knock against 2002, Cynthia Cooper was informed of the fact that $400 million had been moved from WorldComs reserve account resulting in a falsely stated income statement. Cooper went to the outside auditor, Arthur Anderson, who told her that it was not a problem.

DEAF TECHNOLOGY Essay examples -- Essays Papers

DEAF TECHNOLOGYIndividuals who are deaf or are hearing impaired are faced with many problems in forthwiths world. There are so many tasks and activities that are done today that deaf or hearing impaired people may perplex difficulty doing beca pulmonary tuberculosis of there handicap. There handicap used to stop them or inhibit them from doing something that they are interested in or there friends and neighbors would do. yet in today there are new and different technologies, that help the deaf and hearing impaired in the activities in which they want to participate in which is big(p) for them to take part in because of there handicap. Technology is used to help with everyday tasks in the lives of deaf and hearing impaired individuals. With out this new applied science which is being invented everyday, deaf and hearing impaired people may be considered to have a handicap which prevents them from certain activities, but this is not the case anymore, outright these people just have different obstacles which through the use of technology they are learning to over come. They can do anything that regular normal mark of hearing individuals can do, due to the new technology being invented everyday. Deaf and hearing impaired individuals are k at a time longer an out cast group. They now have there own deaf community. Deaf individuals do not consider themselves having an impairment, handicap, or any type of disability. They believe that through the use of foretoken language, other communication skills, and technology that there deafness is the way they are supposed to be. Many people who have perfect hearing can not understand deaf people and why they embrace there deafness instead of trying to receive hearing and get rid of there handicap. However not all deaf people have th... ...old, Johnson. (2004). U.S. Deaf Education Teacher Preparation Programs A Look at the Present and a mint for the Future. American Annals of Deaf, 149, 75-91. Subject-Based Deaf and Ha rd of Hearing Internet Resources. (2004, August 31). Retrieved October 17, 2004, from http//wally.rit.edu/internet/subject/deafness.html Tellatouch. (2004). Retrieved October 17, 2004, from http//www.aph.org/braillewriters/tell.htm National Institute on Deafness and Other communicating Disorders. (November 2002). Retrieved October 17, 2004, from http//www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/coch.asp Keeping in touch through Maryland Relay, Baltimore MD, Maryland Department of Budget Management.Nebraska Commission for the Deaf and hard of Hearing, (2004) How To use a TTY, Retreived November 14, 2004, from http//www.nol.org/home/NCDHH/brochures/how_to_tty_broch.pdf

DEAF TECHNOLOGY Essay examples -- Essays Papers

DEAF TECHNOLOGYIndividuals who are deaf or are hearing impair are set about with many problems in todays world. There are so many tasks and activities that are done today that deaf or hearing afflicted people may have difficulty doing because of there handicap. There handicap used to stop them or inhibit them from doing something that they are interested in or there friends and neighbors would do. However in today there are new and different technologies, that help the deaf and hearing impaired in the activities in which they sine qua non to participate in which is hard for them to take part in because of there handicap. Technology is used to help with everyday tasks in the lives of deaf and hearing impaired individuals. With out this new technology which is being invented everyday, deaf and hearing impaired people may be considered to have a handicap which prevents them from certain activities, however this is not the case anymore, now these people just have different obstacles which through the use of technology they are learning to over come. They can do anything that regular normal range of hearing individuals can do, due to the new technology being invented everyday. Deaf and hearing impaired individuals are know yearner an out cast group. They now have there own deaf community. Deaf individuals do not consider themselves having an impairment, handicap, or any type of disability. They look at that through the use of sign language, other communication skills, and technology that there deafness is the way they are supposed to be. Many people who have pure(a) hearing can not understand deaf people and why they embrace there deafness instead of trying to receive hearing and frig around rid of there handicap. However not all deaf people have th... ...old, Johnson. (2004). U.S. Deaf Education Teacher Preparation Programs A Look at the Present and a Vision for the Future. American Annals of Deaf, 149, 75-91. Subject-Based Deaf and Hard of Hearing Interne t Resources. (2004, August 31). Retrieved October 17, 2004, from http//wally.rit.edu/internet/subject/deafness.html Tellatouch. (2004). Retrieved October 17, 2004, from http//www.aph.org/braillewriters/tell.htm National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. (November 2002). Retrieved October 17, 2004, from http//www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/coch.asp Keeping in touch through Maryland Relay, Baltimore MD, Maryland Department of Budget Management.Nebraska focusing for the Deaf and hard of Hearing, (2004) How To use a TTY, Retreived November 14, 2004, from http//www.nol.org/home/NCDHH/brochures/how_to_tty_broch.pdf

Beauty and Beast

Beauty and Beast is a apologue of love, liberty, freedom, and identity in the society. It exposes the readers to a widower merchant animation in his mansion with his six children, three daughters, and three sons. Even though the three girls atomic number 18 beautiful, the youngest, Beauty is the prettiest. She is equally kind and pure-hearted. The other two are selfish, spoiled and vain. In explicating the things that happen in the story, the author uses different literary tools to make the story electrifying while giving the readers an outlook that contrasts the inner truelove with the outer one (Warner, 1995).The stylistic devices are essential for the progression of the characters and development of the plot.The merchant finally loses everything at the sea. Live becomes challenging and the family moves to a farmhouse where they work for a living. As stated in the story, Suddenly the merchant lost his fortune, and the only property he had left with was a small country house qu ite far from the city (Zipes, 2005 pp. 806). From the statement, it is apparent that the life has taken a different twist for the family and it has to adjust to the new status to survive. Some years later, he gets the countersign that one of the ships that had sent off has landed on the port after escaping destruction. He then leaves for a journey to check on it exactly in the beginning leaving, he asks his children what they would want him to bring for them.The sons ask for weapons and horses, the oldest daughters requests for jewels and good dresses while Beauty is only comfortable with a rare rose.However, it does not ogre well with him as he finds out that his ship has been apprehended to settle his debts. He is left with no money to buy the gifts that he promised his children. While on his way locomote dental plate, he is lost in the storm and cannot trace his way home. He looks for shelter and bumps into an elaborate palace, where he finds tables with sufficient food and d rink, which appears to have been left for him by an unknown person. He behaves the gifts and spends the night at the palace, but in the morning sees a rose and remembers to take it to her daughter, Beauty. That decision opens a bandura box for more challenges that great power him to demand tough conditions for his safety. After plucking the rose, the Beast told him Youre very ungrateful he then added, I accomplishd your life by offering you hospitality in my castle, and then you steal my roses, which I love more than anything else in the world. You shall die for this mistake (Zipes, 2005 pp. 808). Life becomes tougher every moment for the merchant.The Beast makes a demand that he would only let him go if he would allow one of his daughters to return. Even though not happy about it, he has no otherwise than to accept the condition. The Beast gives him enough wealth, fine clothes, jewels, but tells him that Beauty should not know about their agreement (Warner, 1995). When he reach es home, he talked to his children. His sons are willing to go, but the merchant is unready to allow them to go. Beauty then agrees to go, and upon arrival, she is well received by the Beast who graciously tells him that she is the mistress of the castle and that the Beast would be her servant. Beauty spends three months in the castle but was troubled by the fact that every time before she goes to bed, the Beast would ask for her hand in marriage. She insists that she is only a friend, but not interested in getting married to him. She says, Ill always be your friend. Try to be content with that (Zipes, 2005 pp. 812).At night, he dreams of a good-looking prince persuading her to accept the proposal. At first, she cannot comprehend the relationship between the prince and the Beast but later realizes that he is a captive in the palace. One major takeaway from the story is that even the dreadful people in the world also have something good out of him.Later, the Beauty gets sick and asks the Beast to allow her to go home to see her father. She agrees to get hazard soon, but while home, her sisters become envious and uses tricks to shed false tears after rubbing onions on his eyes. They do so to make her delay so that the Beast would get angry with her. She then feels guilty for having broken the promise she made to the Beast (Zipes, 2005). She uses the mirror to see him back in the palace but is horrified to see him heartbroken near the rose bush where her father had plucked her gift. She weeps over him telling him that she loves.Suddenly, the Beast is change into a handsome prince that she has always seen in her dreams. He narrates to her that he was turned into a beast by a fairy and that the only thing that could save him is finding a true love.To conclude, the story has a lot for the readers to learn and disinter. For instance, through Beauty, one can appreciate the character. The content of ones character enables him or her to commit good things, including the lost fortunes. Through the Beast, one can appreciate that even the dreadful people have the other side of life that can be appreciated. Finally, even if the family was challenged and walked from grace to grass, through one good person, their glory could be restored.

Drum Major App

Drum Major Audition 1. What specific skills do you posses that qualify you as a drum major. What qualifies me as a drum major is the experience that I have within this curing program. Being a section attracter for the past two years has given me a much better under footstalling of show and music, along with advanced understanding of marchland technique and fundamentals. 2. answer for your level of musicianship and instrumental pedagogy skills. From the start of my music c areer at Cryar, Ive always been the top Tuba player. Even doneout Junior High-school and Even so far in High-school, Ive been in Wind Ensemble.Being in the Wind Ensemble shows my musical ability, along with my musical understanding. Being in the Wind Ensemble gives me a opportunity to study and prepare more difficult music that I would find being in any other band. 3. Describe your level of borderland fundamentals competency. My level of marching, I would say, is one of the more advanced in the band Im basing t his statement on the fact that Ive already had three years of marching experience, but not just marching experience, Ive also had two years of teaching marching to underclassmen.With this experience I believe puts me ahead of other students in the band, because I was the only Sophomore section leader. 4. Describe your level of drill design (and execution of) understanding. My level of drill design and understanding is advanced compared to others in the band. Since Sophomore year Ive been presented with the drill charts, that normal students would only suck up outside of rehearsal. So I have a fairly good understanding how to execute forms and how to fix forms that might not be working as well as it should be. 5. List and describe the denominates of anxiety . Feet The heels of the marchers feel should be touching, and their toes separated so that the gap at the intersection of the heels at a 45 floor angle. Along with the model of the feet, the weight of the marcher should be b alanced solely on the b all in all of the foot. If this is done correctly then the marcher should be able to bounce up and down on their feet without shifting their weight. b. Knees The marchers knees should be in a comfortable bend. The worst thing for a marcher to do is lock their knees when they are in attention.This could lead to a possible blackout of the marcher ascribable to the cut of of blood to the brain. c. Hips The marchers hips should vapid to front, and should also be pushed and tilted forward slightly. The hips is one of the most important ranges of a good marcher, its what separates the musician from the athlete. This is a important thing to remember later when we start marching. d. Arms The Marchers arms should be at a slight, comfortable bend. With their hands resting on the sides of the branchs, wear the product line of their brusks should be. The elbows should be cladding repair off back, not outward to any degree.The hands should be in a loose fist wit h their thumb facing directly downward in line with the seam on their shorts. e. Shoulder The marchers shoulders should be in a line with the heals of their feet and their hips. They should be relaxed but bold. This can be achieved by raising the shoulder to the ears, pulling them back, and relaxing them downward. This will portray a stronger individual. f. Head The marchers head should be held high. So that they are feeling directly forward. There should be absolutely no movement what so ever while the marcher is in attention.Not to adjust hair, or wipe sweat, regardless to circumstance, if you are in attention, you are not moving. 6. List and describe the points of forward march. a. Head The head should remain flat to front or back at all clocks,unless directed otherwise. b. Shoulders The marchers shoulders should always be facing flat to front or back, unless directed otherwise. They should also be in the same position that they were in the attention position. c. Hips The march ers hips should be facing the direction in which the marcher is marching.The hips should also be in the same position that they were in while in attention. d. Legs The legs go through many different check points during the forward march. The first point is the first step. The first step will always be taken with the left wing foot. The leg should be extended forward until it is straight, at this point the heel of the left foot should be touching the install. After the initial impact of the heel on the ground, the marcher will Roll Through , this can be accomplished by imagining you are squeezing both last bit of toothpaste out of a toothpaste bottle.By the time the foot has finished rolling through, the right leg should have started its progress forward, and should be right next to the left leg, with the foot parallel to the ground hovering as close to the ground as possible. As the left foot rolls through to the tip of the toes, the marcher should be repeating that same process with their right foot. This process should be continued until the end of a set, or a still portion of the drill. The marcher will stop marching forward be either changing directions to backwards marching, or stopping.When the marcher is stopping, they will step forward with their right food, and roll through starting at the toe this time, at the correct angle of attention, and then smoothly place their left foot into the attention position. 7. List and describe the points of backward march. a. Head The head should remain flat to front or back at all times,unless directed otherwise. b. Shoulders The marchers shoulders should always be facing flat to front or back, unless directed otherwise. They should also be in the same position that they were in the attention position. c. HipsThe marchers hips should be facing the direction in which the marcher is marching. The hips should also be in the same position that they were in while in attention. d. Legs The legs will go through many diff erent check points throughout the backwards marching process. The first check point is the first step. The marcher, beginning from their attention position, will lift their right heel of the ground just enough so that their left foot is dangling by their side. The marcher will then swing the left leg backwards, without bending their knee, and touch their ball of their foot behind them.Once the back foot has been firmly lay onto the ground, the marcher will then repeat the process with their right food, and continue repeating this process until directed by a director. 8. List and describe the points of a slide march. While the marcher is slide marching their lower body will remain the same, such(prenominal) as marching check points, the only disagreement between slide marching and regular marching is the direction the upper body is facing in comparison to the lower body. When the marcher is standing in attention pierces up(we will describe later) their first check point is their h ips.The marcher will rotate their hips 45 degrees to the left or right, according to the directions of the directors. Along with the whirling of the hips the whole rest of the upper body will move with the hips, but the feet will not move. The next step is the shoulders, the shoulders the shoulders will then complete the revolution started at the hips with another 45 degree turn of the shoulders in the same direction that the hips had just moved. From here the marchers shoulders should be at a 90 degree angle in comparison to the feet which should be facing forward.From this point the marcher will be able to repeat the steps in the forward and backwards march instructions to begin the slide marching process. Something that should always be remembered is that while the marcher is marching in the slide position, they should always have their horn in the same position that they would as if they were marching normal. 9. Describe the horns up position in detail. From the attention posit ion, the marcher will be ad drapeed clap,clap,clap,clap band horns up this sequence of commands guards a common counting pattern of marching band, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8.Notice that there is only seven commands, the 8 count of the addressed sequence is the time in which the marcher will very quickly put their horns up, and as the horn comes up the marcher will make a very short but loud Tsst sound. The position of the hands in horns up position is as follows. The marchers fist will be right in front of the marchers mouth, the left hand should be in a fist and the right hand should be covering the left hand. The marchers thumbs should resemble an X shape in front of their mouth, this is to represent the mouthpiece.After proper hand position is established, the marcher should pay attention that their wrists are not bent in any place. The wrist should always be only straight. The marchers elbows should be bent at a 90 degree angle. The rest of the marchers body will remain the same as it is in attention position. To enactment from horns up to horns down, the marcher will just rotate their fists so that the X is facing directly up. 10. Describe how to dress a line.During marching season, there will be many times that you will be marching in a line, these are very important parts in a show, because perfect lines stand out to people who are experienced and also inexperienced with marching shows. a. Forward. If you are marching in a line that is in front of you, you should see nothing but the person directly in front of you. b. Side to side. If you are in a line that is side to side you should use your fringy vision to address the line, if you can see someone other than the person directly to your left or right, you arent in the line, and must adjust immediately. 1. Describe how to dress a convolute. The curve is very essential to the type of marching band that we are today. Curves is what separates our band from military marching bands. Curves can be anywhere in a mar ching show, and for them to impressive there should always be equal spacing and a smooth flow from person to person. To dress a curve the marcher should always have each set memorized, and while we are dressing each set individually, should memorize the way the curve looks, and to hit it every time no matter what.If you see the curve rolling smoothly from person to person, the curve is correct. If there is a bump in a curve, such as someone jutting out, this person needs to reevaluate is set placement. 12. Describe how to dress a diagonal. Diagonals, just like lines, are an essential part of marching bands. The way a marcher will dress diagonals is the pretty much the same way one would dress a line. By looking down the diagonal that the marcher is in, and making sure that no one else is visible except the person right immediately next in the line.

Marketing and Zara Essay

1. BackgroundAccording to BusinessWeek,Zara was a look imitator. It foc phthisisd its fear on understanding the mould items that its customers wanted and then delivering them, instead than on promoting predicted seasons trends via fashion shows and similar channels of influence, which the fashion industry traditionally used. 5 Zara, the fashion retail drawing string, is a subsidiary of Inditex Group take ined and managed by Spanish tycoon Amancio Ortega. Inditex includes several major brands, namely, Zara, Massimo Dutti, Pull and Bear, Oysho, Bershka, and Stradivarius. The group total is set in La Coruna, Spain. It was here where the first Zara store was launched in 1975. Presently, there argon about 1,500 Zara stores round the world. Zara employs around 80,000 throng. The group recorded revenues of 9,434.7 billion (approximately $13,068.8 million) during FY2008, an increase of 15.1% over 2007. The operate profit change magnitude by 20.1% to 2,148.8 million in FY2008. The net profit, during FY2008, increased by 24.5% to over FY2007 to 1,257.8 million (approximately $1,742.2 million).7 Zaras p tug to fame surfaces from the f actuate that it needs, on an average, two (2) weeks to develop and grocery a new fashion yield compargond to the industry average of six (6) month cycle. In improver to this, Zara is committed to showcasing around 10,000 new builds annually, in a fast and scarce manner, which gives it a constant new look and brings back customers to the stores. Owing to its unique preparation chain management, use of information technologies and innovative management strategies, which is a must to survive the highly competitive fashion industry it has managed to come out on top course of instruction after year. The major competitors include H&M, GAP and Benetton. Some of the efficient strategies adopted by Zara are broadly the policies of energy inventories, simply in Time systems, contract manufacturing for small orders, decentralizi ng warehouses to deliver intersections and above all close monitoring of the fashion trends.Above all, they had few unique strategies, mainly, zero advertising, where in Zara chose to open new stores rather than advertise and, the concept of shunning outsourcing to broken cost education centers as it would result in dilution of the high case fashion that Zara represents. Initial conquest for Zara is mainly attri besidesed to featuring small(a) legal injuryd lookathe likes of products of more popular, high end fashion brand. Fol brokeningthis success, they adopted new design and distribution method. Since the fashion industry product has long lead clock, to the tune of six months, Zara aimed to reduce this and also minimize the uncertainties tie ind with fashion retail. Zara developed the concept of Instant Fashion that allowed them to respond more quickly to consumer tastes and emerging trends. The strategy helped them to bring in new products to the shelves quickly, in smal l quantity and produce more if demand occurred. This changed them to minimize inventory, locoweed demand and remove uncertainties.Later on, they brought in information technologies to further revolutionize the distribution processes. These helped Zara to developed fashion lines based on food grocery trends and also, produce its own designs through a team of 200 in house designers. The introduction of information technologies helped them increase the efficiency of state of the art takings system and entrepot mechanisms. The stores and warehouses were linked electronically, which facilitated the exchange of real time information thereby allowing them to minimize risk and capital outlays by reducing inventories. This leaner and responsive system helped spread the rail line quickly and also, improved sales as the customers would return to stores every two weeks to check out new designs and purchase as the design would not be for sale after the time frame.International expandin g upon of Zara started with Portugal in 1988, and since then they maintain opened more than 1,000 stores ball-shapedly. This has been d adept through company wipe out showrooms, joint ventures and franchisee models.Zaras ProductsCurrently, Zara caters to mens clothing and womens clothing. Each of these sections has 5 subsections, which include lower garment, upper garment, shoes, cosmetics and complementary products. The 50-60% of the demand is produced at the base of the season and the remaining is manufactured in season. This sometimes results in either investment trust outs or markdowns but compared to the argument the number of times the service visitation happens is quite low for markdowns. Hence, if the design does not suit the customers tastes then it is taken off the shelves and further orders are batchcelled. This leads to new designs and above all, no designs stay on thestore floor for more than four weeks, which encourages consumers to make purchases. When compar ed to the competitors, average number of times a customer visits Zara is 18 times a year compared to 3-4 times for the competition.2. Mission, Vision, Values and GoalsZaras Mission Statement is as follows,ZARA walks at the pace of society, dressing ideas, trends and tastes that society itself has matured. Zara through its unique business models and stores has proved business lot be successful with little or no advertising. This business is possible only through superior customer service helped by continued efficiency to restock and respond to customer needs within days. This gives Zara the competitive edge. Hence, keeping in mind the bearing, they always innovate their products to enhance shopping experience and support new designs at affordable costs made from quality materials which follow latest trends.3. Zaras Strategy for Growth and PositioningZara believes in Zero advertising. It would rather spend on store expansion than to advertise. However, the minimally advertise in f ashion magazines. The rationale behind this is the quick turnaround of store display, which is around 4 weeks, which renders advertising an unnecessary cost. Also, Zara concentrates on efficient design to securities industry cycle and focus on showcasing large number of designs annually. The workforce in Zara is essential to its success right from the production to the store level as the feedback generated about fashion mathematical operation at store is percolated to the designer and production and supply chain helps to cat the latest styles in 2 weeks time. We need to take a look at the factors that determine these strategies and also the short advances associated with these strategies4. External AnalysisThe external environment characteristics can be stated as below1. Demographic segmentZara is targeting young consumers with liquid income. This will be primarily in developing countries and developed countries. This presentsthem with a sizeable population. As shown by mart res earch, the customers in these countries are willing to try new brands but at the same time are price and quality conscious. The ability to replicate the model and achieve the desired results can significantly enhance Zaras brand in these market.2. Economic segment repayable to weak currencies, low labor costs and opportunity to be closer to customers, Zara need to think about strategies to take benefits from other location. Since the competition has already entered the newer market and is constantly trying to leverage the benefits associated with these markets. This has a big impact on the profits of the organization.3. Legal segmentOwing to increasing labor costs and close labor laws, the production processes in the present countries do not seem favorable as they will increase the production costs. In addition to that, soaking up of designers in Spain/Europe can be handled as the labor laws permit that. In case, Zara does not want to decentralize these functions, there are no law s disposal their decisions as fashion industry is not under regulations.4. Technological SegmentZara presently uses IT efficiently in managing their supply chain which leads to lower operating costs. However, the use of IT can be extended to expand their procurement and manufacturing activities outside Spain.5. Global SegmentOwing to globalization and rapid advancement in technologies, several low cost production centers postulate come up. In order to reduce the costs even further and maintain quality, Zara can have offshore production facilities to low cost location in order to lower the costs. This will enable them to localize Zara and cater to local preference. The critical market for Zara in the orgasm future would be the Asian nations of India, China, Malaysia, In makesia and Taiwan. The relaxation of trade norms would help reduce transaction costs, if, Zara plans to expand their activities outside Spain.The environmental characteristics changes very fast in fashion, peculi arlyin terms of demographic and global segments. Zara being in core fashion industry with fast cycles have a unique strategy where in it caters only on the leading edge of the product cycle which enables it to deliver the promise of Instant Fashion.5. SWOT Strategic ChoiceWe will talk over each of the external and internal variables in details which will give us a better picture as to why Zara needs to act in a certain manner.Strengths* Strong product diversityAs a group Inditex is a leading fashion distributor and has ore than 100 associate companies across the world. In addition to this, the stores are located in more than 400 cities across the world. In case of Zara, the international fashion retailing segment, this presents a new opportunity to foray into foreign markets. The group brands can be displayed as well when considering international expansion. This is what Inditex can look forward to offering the wide-eyed assortment of goods, replenished quickly to carve a niche for itself.* Strong revenue growthThe group company of Zara, Inditex has registered a robust financial performance Y-o-Y. The revenues increased at a CAGR of 18% annually. The operating profit represents a CAGR of 21%. In the meantime, the profits also increase at CAGR of 25% annually. The strong performance of the group, Inditex and different brands leads to increased investor confidence about the company. * Strong distribution communicateThe group, Inditex has a strong distribution network. The presence of an efficient supply chain management in Inditex assures that the goods are delivered within 24 hours of the receipt of the order in Europe and about 40 hours at its overseas outlets. The majority of the supply is handled through its centralized warehouses in each of the European, Asian and American markets. The companys logistics department has more than 4,000 peopledelivering 627 million garments in financial year 2008.* Zero advertisingZara follows the policy of zero advertisin g to decrease expenses. Hence, in newer markets, it can focus its capital on expansion. The strong brand name, store air and product quality will compensate for the lack of advertising.Weaknesses* Overdependence on the European marketZara has a significant market presence in Spain and other European countries. Around 50% of the stores are located in Spain and surrounding countries. However, the revenues contributed by Spain accounts to only 40% of the group revenues whereas 60% of the revenues comes from its international operations with 43% coming from European operations and the rest 17% from outside Europe. The group as a whole is highly dependent on the Spanish and European market to sustain its revenues, making it highly vulnerable to the economic, political and social changes taking place in these markets, especially in Spain. Also, the fashion tastes might reflect firmly the European perspective, even though during international expansion Zara needs to cater to the internat ional customers.* Reliance on local designersEven though local designers are preferred for designing new range of garments for Zara, almost all the designers are from Spain. This leads to a situation where the design might be too localized. Considering the fact that Zara intends to have a global presence, localization of the core designing and manufacturing processes might not be a feasible option. With respect to catering to local tastes and fashion, the designers should be located more closely to the markets.Opportunities** Expansion plansThe group has invested more than 2.8 billion to open new stores internationally, in countries where it already has a presence and few newmarkets as well. The rate of growth of stores has been as high as 640 stores per year. Zara fashion will be made available in Korea, Ukraine, Egypt and Montenegro. A well defined expansion plan is critical to the corporate objective of international expansion with sustained and robust revenue growth in the futu re. * Growing apparel retail market in Asia (China, India, Malaysia, Taiwan and Indonesia)The Asian apparel market is growing at a high rate. Owing to the growing population of affluent household, higher disposable incomes, consumers knowledge of international brands, it presents an opportunity for Zara to enter and expand its operations in Asian market. Accelerated development in these markets will help shift the lading of growth and diversification from mature and intensively competitive European and American markets to the building Asian markets. * Growing online salesOnline retailing has been growing at a scorching pace in the last decade and considering UK market, more than 14 billion has been spent on online shopping. Zara should try to open online retail shops to cater to the audience who need to shop for exchangeable version of Zaras products. This also presents an opportunity to display the entire product lines from Zara and can be easily searched. It will enable strong growth in online and well as, offline retail sales.Threats* New avenues being utilized by competitorsThe competition is always on the lookout for cheaper manufacturing location much(prenominal) as China, India and Eastern Europe. The benefit of lower costs of procurement can be passed on to the customers through low prices. The main wages of Zaras upended integration is the frequent replenishments of its stores and also, feedback from store staff to design. If this feedback works out as expected, then Zara will be able to sustain higher manufacturing costs than its competition in future. The competition is also working on reducing the lead times, which if successfully implemented could lead to erosion in market share and decrease in revenues.* Counterfeit goodsThe counterfeit goods in the new markets and existing ones adversely affect sales of branded accessories. Widespread counterfeiting reduces the brand value and exclusivity, especially in cases of high end fashion products, through customer dissatisfaction.* Rising Labor cost in European regionSince Inditex focuses most of Zaras designing and manufacturing activities in the European region, the increasing labor costs drive down the profits as it increases the operating expenses. This results in adverse impact on the groups margin.6. Internal AnalysisWe undertake the resource based view and study the internal analysis. Zaras main assets are the designers, the logistics process, in store sales people and the store ambience. The designers are in charge of churning out new designs in a short span of time. After receiving the feedback, they have approximately 2 weeks to deliver the garment to the store. Each of the designers is a valuable and costly resource and this quick turnaround time is not imitable and therefore exploited by Zara to the fullest. The competitors have not been able to turn around designs as quickly as Zara. Hence, they give Zara a competitive advantage. Since Zara follows zero advertis ing policy, the word of mouth ordinary is heavily dependent on how much a customer is satisfied.New designs which satisfy customers go a long way in making Zara an great brand. The logistics process is also a source of competitive advantage. It is because of logistical capabilities that Zara can display 12,000 new designs annually. Assisted by IT and workforce, it forms a competitive advantage but this can be imitated by competition and hence does not present a sustainable competitive advantage. However, along with new designs it plays significant roles in preventing stock outs and piling inventories to help reduce unwanted costs. The sales people, staff and store ambience, although valuable but are easily imitable and hence are at proportional parityCapabilitiesSourcing Materials Inbound logistics Flexible manufacturing / Outsourcing outbound logistics in-store sales. securities industry research Product designProcurement Outsourcing DistributionCentralized planning Corporate vi sion and mission Brand Image7. Competitor AnalysisThe main competitors are H&M, a Swedish brand and GAP Inc., an American brands. Now, GAP Inc. boasts of large network of stores and has a strong financial leverage as it aims to tap into growing online retail segment and into franchising to expand into new market. GAP Inc. is also targeting growing global footwear market. Some of its shortcomings are geographic concentration and weak performance of comparable stores. It also suffers from low customer loyalty and rising labor wages. On the other hand, H&M are matching Zara in terms of designing and also have strong procurement practices. Unlike Zara, they collaborate with designers and have much wider presence as compared to Zara. They are at present flavor to target new niche.However, they are also plagued by issues of customer loyalty and product recall. Currently, all of them are focusing the same segment and added to it the high entry barriers and high profit potential makes it a n attractive industry. From the above graphs and the financial data available (refer to Appendix), we can see that although sales revenues of H&M are better than Inditex, operating expenses as a percentage of sales are lower for Inditex more often than not due to their operational and marketing strategies which lowers the inventory and due to instant fashion generates more sales.8. Corporate Level StrategiesThe Corporate level strategies of Zara can be state to be similar to that of its parent, Inditex Group. Its strategies can be classified based on three frameworks Ansoff Matrix, BCG Matrix and GE-Directional Policy Matrix. Based on the Ansoff Matrix, Zara follows the following Strategic Directions * commercialise Consolidation and Product Development by bringing in the latest fashionable designs from the design stage to distribution within 2-3 weeks, much shorter than the industry average. * Market Development by introducing products to new markets by opening up stores in new locations and countries.It had around 1500 stores in 78 countries, in December 2008,around the globe and is expanding. Zara is operating in an Industry of high growth of about 40% while having a high market share in most of thecountries. This puts Zara as a Star for Inditex Group in the Growth-Share BCG Matrix. Also the strength of its business is high, thus putting it in the Investment and Growth direction of theDirectional Policy Matrix. Thus Zara is one of the main Business lines for Inditex Group garnering about 67% of the revenue for the parent organization. 9. Business Level StrategiesZara defines its target markets as Young, educated one that likes fashion and is rude(a) to fashion. This target market is very broad because it is not segmented by ages and lifestyles. Thus the scope of Zaras business is broad. Zara also follows both the approach leadership and Differentiation strategies. Thus Integrated Cost Leadership/ Differentiation Strategy are followed by Zara by the fol lowing approaches* Cost Leadership1. It achieves low cost by glowering lead times which in turn leads to lesser inventories, thus reducing the cost of the supply chain.* Differentiation2. It differentiates itself from its competitors by providing lead times which are far lower than the industry standards. 3. Zara produces about 11000 designs every year as compared to about 4000 by competitors. 4. Replenishes stores twice a week as compared to once by major competitors. 5. Produces in small batches and takes advantage of shortages in stores by replacing them with new designs. Thus customers who find that a particular design is out of stock may buy a new design in fear of losing the opportunity to but it. Thus it guarantees that customers visit Zaras stores around 17 times per year on an average as opposed to 3 times for competitors. 6. The designs remain in the stores for only about 4 months when they are taken out. Only about 10% of designs are taken off stores by Zara as compared to 17% of competitors.7. Takes the feedback of customers in determining the needs of the customers. 8. Takes advantage of IT in vertical integration of the supply chain by maintaining a smooth flow of information through the chain. According to Miles and Snows Adaptive Strategies, Zara can be classified as a Prospector because of the following characteristics * Zara has built its entire business on innovation in the supply of fashion apparels to customers. * Zara continually modifies its existing designs to match thelatest fashion trends and needs of the customers. * The competitors have not been able to copy their supply chain strategy.10. Functional Level StrategiesThe designs at Zara change every week and this result in manufacturing systems that have to be flexible to cope up with these changes. Thus Zara uses Flexible Manufacturing Technology or bend Production which reduces setup time for equipments, increases utilization of machines through better scheduling and improves qua lity control at all stages of manufacturing. The various functional strategies for Zara have been placed down below. * selling Strategy* Only one item of each size in each color option was placed on the stock floor requiring stores to maintain a considerable restocking policy. * Customer feedback was taken by all the sales personnel at the stores to gauge the needs of the customers. * New product introductions were planned twice a week to maintain fashion freshness. * Zara stores were located in prime retail locations, thus avoiding the need for advertising to attract customers. Marketing expenses were0.3% on sales as compared to 3.5% of competitors.* Materials Management Strategy* The raw material was stocked in advance according to forecasts. They were sourced from countries like Spain, the far east, India and Morocco. * Due to low lead times, very less inventory needed to be maintained. * Inventory turnover is high leading to lesser capital needs. * Zara outsources its sewing a ctivities to contractors, thus lowering cost.* R&D Strategy* Design team consisting of young individuals in their 20s who are more conversant with latest fashion. * Around 40000 designs were done throughout the year out of which around 11000 were selected for manufacture. ** Human Resource Strategy* Zara emphasized learning from mistakes and accepting criticism.* Everyone was encouraged to express their opinion.* No performance approximation system in place but a system of immediate feedback from colleagues at all levels.* Personal empathy given more importance than formal qualifications in recruitment.* A significant portion of salaries varied according to performance.* Information Systems Strategy* IT was used to integrate the chain vertically and horizontally, for smooth flow of information up the chain and across the various functions, respectively.* Infrastructure* Zara had a relatively flat structure in comparison to other firms in the same industry. Cross-Functional Integrat ion existed mingled with the various functions to ensure that* New designs are developed according to customer needs.* Information flow is quick.* Time to manufacture the new designs and their presentation to the customers reduces.* The costs of development are low.11. Global Level StrategyZara had opened up around 1500 stores in around 78 countries in December 2008, and it is still expanding by looking for opportunities. The main factors that helped Zara achieve Global competitiveness are* Fast growth in the Spanish market* High demand for exports from Spain* Rivalry with other firms like H&M and Gap.The main reasons for Zara to expand globally were* Expansion of its market by taking advantage of its instant fashion concept, so that it could increase its market share and bring in more revenue. * Since Zara believed in providing the customers with the latest fashion at lowest cost, it supplied the stores with low quantities. So to lower the costs it expanded globally so that it cou ld take advantage of some sort of Economies of Scale.Global StrategyZara did not follow any localization in the countries where it was present and provided only standardized products. Also it believed in providing the latest fashion at the low costs. Thus from the Global Strategy Grid it can be seen that Zara Followed a Global standardisation Strategy. By doing so it hoped to increase its profitability by reducing costs and achieving economies of scale. Zara chose to enter the different markets using various entry strategies. The strategies are outlined below. * exportation Zara exported its products to a few markets where opening up a manufacturing facility would not have been profitable like Monaco, Oman, etc.* Franchising Zara also opens up stores in various locations through franchised deals avoiding development costs and risks of opening up a foreign market on its own. Examples of such locations are Cyprus, Venezuela, etc. * Joint Ventures Over a period of time Zara entered va rious markets by forming Joint Ventures to take advantage of the partners knowledge of the foreign country. It entered the Italian Market in 1996 by forming a JV with Benetton. Then in 1998 it entered the German market by forming a JV with Otto Versand, the countrys largest catalogue retailer. It also entered the Japanese market by forming a JV with Japans BIGI Group, forming Zara Japan. * Wholly Owned Subsidiaries Zara entered most of the markets by opening up wholly owned subsidiaries, to take advantage of the controls that it could exercise in those countries. Examples of such locations are US, UK

Cold War Essay

In the atomic number 63an theater of operations for WWII, the Allied victory and the Axis loss resulted in unprecedented destruction of the economic system of the region. The Americans felt that the get together States had a purpose to work for the revival of the European economy along the lines of political and social factors that could allow free countries to emerge (qtd. in May par. 2). The sweep of such a purpose on into a solid commitment was not perceived or hoped for at the outset. In the United States the Executive branch (including the State Department) and the US Congress were often at odds about what to do about the European economic situation.But there was agreement that the aftermath of WWII must not come to have a result in any fashion like the economic conditions that prevailed after WWI (Marshall intend Par. 7). It was initially felt that the United States involvement in European recovery would not be costly or time consuming. It was thought that Europe and curio usly the United Kingdom and France with their colonies, could pull themselves back up in short order (Marshall Plan par. 4). The cold winters after the warfare did not help the situation.The lash winter in a century was experienced in Europe in 1946-47 (Kunz par. 5). There was high unemployment, food shortages, and strikes. In particular, the food shortages sparked humanitarian and residue efforts among various organizations. The new United Nations sponsored much of this effort and it was almost all funded by the United States (Marshall Plan par. 11). Not decorous of this was organized well enough or in great enough amounts to do more than to briefly alleviate the problem. American troops in Europe also lent a hand in repair and refugee work.For the long term, the food shortages could be seen to keep on occurring since the traditional source for supplies for western European had come from Eastern Europe (Judd East-West Trade par. 2). After these winters of food shortage, it was becoming apparent that a divided Europe was becoming the norm. The awareness of such a division was not chiefly acknowledged prior to these harsh winters. President Truman entered the United States into some bilateral agreements intending to militarily aid Greece and Turkey.These countries could be seen as being in East Europe. They were face subversive efforts by communists to take over those countries. For Western Europe, some thought the Morgenthau Plan could be used (Marshall Plan par. 13). This plan supposed massive war reparations could be extracted from Germany to restore the countries other than Germany. There was also the Monnet Plan (Marshall Plan par. 13) which proposed more punishment of Germany since France would control the Ruhr and Saar coal regions for French purposes.On a strictly monetary front the Bretton Woods agreements of 1944 established the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development for loans to European nati ons (Kunz par. 7). The funds made in stock(predicate) for these loans were proving to not be of the necessary magnitude. It had been assumed that the international economic system was sound and that an initial infusion of monetary aid would do the trick. But evening more was needed. The American agricultural production was unimpaired, the level of manufacturing output was unprecedented, and the American gold reserves were safe.An outlet was needed to sustain and use the economic heroism of the American transition from wartime to domestic and foreign consumption. The economic plan for a reconstruction of Western Europe, if needed, could borrow from the New Deal experience as the American response to the Great Depression had been accomplished. Early in 1947, evidence of a recession brewing in the United States turned some economists attention to a need to assure European purchases of American goods.The Americans did not want to see continued European wartime controls and plans whic h had placed the idea of a protraction of control and regulation by European governments as conclusive. Many in Europe were looking to the Soviet Unions central planning controlled by the state. The Soviets were reporting very high growth rates with the prospect of prosperity just around the corner (DeLong and Eichengreen 11). The Americans had not successfully concluded a war in Europe to end fascist tyranny and oppression only to then see a different brand of tyranny and oppression in its place.This threat was perceived to be the communists, Soviet or otherwise. The Soviet influence was directly felt on Eastern Europe. The American administration felt that, for Western Europe, an economic union would be needed. These nations would have to be on the same page if they were not to go communists or be controlled by communists. Accordingly, on June 5, 1947, repository of State Marshall spoke of the need to promote free institutions in Europe through their restoration with American ai d (Marshall Plan, par. 15).

Influence contrasting economic environments Essay

Describe the influence of two contrasting sparing environments on assembly line activities within a selected organisation. There be two very important economic environments that publication Tesco, economic addition and the recession. An economic growth forget be good for Tesco as communication channel impart be booming, more goods are being produced and profits are increasing. When this happens Tesco becomes a very high profit business and invest in new products or stores which can lead to Tesco being more profitable business wise. Profits are cast upd during economic growth as customers want more products they devote the money to sp force out and choose to spend it in Tescos.This leads to a such(prenominal) higher product demand, which affects the primary sector farmers. Farmers volition use up more animals and more farm hands effectively as they are producing for a large company and if the demands arent met they will lose business. For example during an economic boom the great unwashed tend to buy luxuries as they keep the spare money to spend, so a customer instead of buying a ready meal cleverness decide they will have a steak instead and there could be a large amount of Tescos customers with the same thought process, this will in turn mean that Tesco will order a large amount of steaks from the farmers and if they cant supply this they will lose Tescos business and in like manner Tesco wont be able to meet its customer demands and could also lose business. People will also stop buying Tesco assess products such as cereal, canned goods and start buying branded names as they can afford it and we are a brand loving unpolished which means that Tesco generate more money as people are buying the much more expensive goods. In 2011/2012 Tesco had a reasonable growth in profit even in a challenging economic environment, Tescos sales increase by 7.4% to 72 billion.Tesco heretofore did not compensate the profit that they would have liked they we re running their business in a very challengeable time during 2011/2012 as the recession is still very much taking everywhere the economy, they managed to survive by offer their customers Tesco value products at next to nothing prices which were bought a lot more due to their cheap prices offering more competition for companies such as Lidl. During a difficult economic climate consumers cut down on spending in an attempt to punish and save money as the cost of living increases exactly wages dont. This means that Tesco would have cut down on orders to manufacturers for example the steaks, no one would have been buying them and they may have cut their order from 1000 to 400 for example.The authorized interest rates canalso effect a company like Tesco because if they borrow a loan from the bank then if the interest rates are high then Tesco will end up paying back more money than the original borrowed amount, however if they are lower than it would be the best time for Tesco to bo rrow if they need to because although they will still be paying back more than what they borrowed however it will be a much lower amount. Inflation rates can also present problems as they decrease and increase over time if the rate of inflation is high the Tesco will increase their prices to compensate for the rise however this will decrease their sales because customers wont be willing to pay the higher prices. gross domestic product (Gross National Product) is the market value of all goods and services over a certain period of time if the GDP increases by 3% it means that the economy has grown by 3%, this has an impact on everyone in the economy because it affects the stock market which is something that any potential investor will take into consideration before they invest.Tesco will shoot the breeze wage increase in a healthy economy and higher profits as Tescos products have a demand increase. Cancer Research UK will have struggled during the recession and current times as peo ple are cutting down on spending and unlike Tesco Cancer Research are selling things that yes people need, however their products arent essential therefore they will be losing lots of money and may have to cut down money on research and support. They have a much smaller budget that has to be spent carefully in order to prevent a negative impact on the business recently Cancer Research has not had the funding to research into new types of cancer and develop knowledge as they have had such little funding. During an economic boom however Cancer Research will hopefully make plenty of money to fund research and support as people will have more money to spend on clothes and shoes. They are able to offer a lot more support and can do extensive research into new kinds of cancer as they have the funding. Inflation can affect a business like Cancer Research UK but not as much because they dont buy in their stock its all donated by customers, however they may slightly increase their prices whi ch in such a difficult economic climate is something that they desperately want to avoid.GDP will affect Cancer Research because they may see an increase in customers if the GDP was low because typically there are high rates of unemployment at times like that and people still need clothes to wear and rather than pay high street prices people with go to thecharity shops and buy cheaper second hand clothes. However if the GDP increased then Cancer Research may see a decline the their sales and customers because there are high levels of employment during a high GDP and people with have more money to spend on high street trends.

Voluntary Active Euthanasia

Voluntary sp coverly Euthanasia Carlene Lawrence Hodges University PHI 3601 OL3 November 19, 2012 Abstract This paper lead discuss the benefits of the legalization of Voluntary Active Euthanasia (VAE). It give define the differences between Active Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide, as well as the difference between bustling and passive. We will disembodied spirit at VAE from a legal perspective, with discussion ab step to the fore specific court topics that have set precedence in this matter. We will also look at it from a moral point of view from a perspective of Utilitarian and Subjectivist principles, to show that VAE should be considered morally correct.Voluntary Active Euthanasia This paper will discuss the benefits of Active Voluntary Euthanasia (VAE). Although it is sometimes referred to as mercy killings, it is one of the most moot topics in our world today. Many believe the right to live is one of the most important human rights. The right to die should be eq ually as important. First, we must discuss the difference between active and passive euthanasia. Active is the process by which a person is given something, such as a prescribed medication, to end their liveliness, while passive is allowing a person to die naturally, not being given anything to help sustain their life.Second, we must not confuse VAE with Physician Assisted Suicide (PAS), as the devil are quite different. With VAE, it is the doctor who administers life ending medications, with the patients permission, while with PAS, the patient is the one who supremely ends their own life. It can be argued that at that place is no moral difference between active and passive, since the consequences, intentions, and actions are primarily the same. If checkup interposition is withheld, allowing them to die naturally, this will prolong their pain and suffering, as well as that of their loved ones left to bear witness.It will also lead to large medical bills, which the families wi ll be left to deal with. In an while where the culture is to provide rescue medicine, it is hard to decide what to do when facing end of life lasts for your loved ones. According to the Hippocratic Oath, physicians must use treatment to help the sick according to my ability and judgment, but will not use it to injure or wrong them (Friend, 2011). While the actual Oath has been rewritten more times over the years, to reflect cultural changes, it has the same essence. But, who decides what is considered as injuring or wronging them?One person may consider aiding in the death of another to be wrong, but the person end may not. U. S. District Judge Barbara Rothstein (1194) wrote, There is no more profoundly personal decision, no one which is closer to the pith of personal liberty, than the choice which a terminally ill person demonstrates to end his or her suffering. Assisted suicide and euthanasia have been worldly controversial for centuries. However, the first organizations cre ated to support the legalization of such were in 1935 and 1938, in Great Britain and the United States, respectively.Great strides have been made in the right direction though. Consider the case of Karen Ann Quinlan. In 1975, after mixing alcohol and drugs at a party, Karen expire unconscious and slipped into a coma (Quinlan & Radimer, 2005). After months of watching their daughter suffer, being unploughed alive by machines, the family decided they knew their daughter would not want to live this way and requested she be taken off of the respirator. However, they quickly found come out that their wish could not be carried out without a court order. They lost their first court battle in New Jersey Superior Court.They appealed this decision and ended up in New Jersey State Supreme Court, where by a unanimous decision, they won. Karens father, Joseph Quinlan, was names as Karens guardian, and was permitted to make all healthcare choices for her. Julia Quinlan, Karens mother, writes T he ruling gave patients and families the right to live each stage of life, including the last stage, with dignity and respect, and for medical institutions such as hospitals, hospices and nursing homes that would at present be required to establish and maintain ethics committees.In addition, the Quinlan case led to the creation of the living will, sometimes called an advanced directive, which outlines the personal wishes of the individual in obedience to extraordinary means to maintain life. (Quinlan 2005) In 1990, 40 states collectively passed laws allowing competent citizens the right to make living wills. These documents put the power back into the hands of the ill, by allowing their wishes and voices to be heard when they themselves are unable to speak.They send word doctors to withhold life-supporting treatment and systems in the event a person becomes terminally ill. They can also instruct emergency doctors not to perform life resuscitating devices when a person has become injured or ill. It is the opinion of this writer and other proponents, like Compassion & Choices (http//www. compassionandchoices. org) that it become legal to include right to die choices like voluntary euthanasia. In ancient Rome and Greece, putting someone to death, or assisting in dying was congenial in certain(p) situations.For example, it was acceptable to put to death newborns with severe birth defects. It wasnt until Christianity started developing in the West, that euthanasia was determined to be morally and ethically wrong. It was, and still is, seen as a violation of Gods gift of life. (Abdulkadir, Ansari, & Sambo, 2012, p 673). This is where the ethical debate inevitably ensues. Opponents mostly come from the medical profession as well as religious groups. They believe that medical providers should be more concerned with caring and healing then curing and the ultimate outcome.Legalizing active euthanasia could put too much power in the hands of the medical professionals , allowing the ill to be easily swayed and opening up the extract for many lawsuits from surviving family members who do not agree with the practice. Proponents reason that binding someone alive with medications and medical instruments, when they would otherwise die is not sustaining a confessedly life. Also, they believe that this is not a question of if someone is to die, but how much they suffer in the interim. The main concern of health providers should be to ease or eliminate pain and suffering.If we can accept that passive euthanasia (rejecting the use of life sustaining treatment) is ethically and morally correct, than we should also accept active euthanasia as well. Utilitarianism says that actions should be judges as morally acceptable or unacceptable based on increases and decreases in total happiness and/or misery (total center everyone involved, not just one individual (Barcalow, 2007). Using this as a guide, it can be determined that VAE would essentially be reducin g misery by allowing terminally ill, and sick to die nstead of suffering. Therefore, it would be morally acceptable. Let us look at VAE from a Subjectivism standpoint. Subjectivism claims that whatever an individual believes to be right or wrong is right or wrong for that individual (Barclow, 2007). Therefore, what may be morally correct for one person may not be for another. low this principle, we should consider that if you believe VAE to be morally incorrect, that does not stand to reason all of society believes this as well. Lets look at euthanasia another way.Merriam-Webster (2012) defines euthanasia as the act or practice of killing or permitting the death of hopelessly sick or injured individuals (as persons or municipal animals) in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy. In most states, where VAE is not legal, doctors are permitted to withhold medical treatment from a dying person, if that is their wish. While this is not considered actively administering life endi ng medication, it can still be considered actively allowing the person to die, if the treatment they are withholding would keep the person alive, even if only temporarily.When defending the case for active euthanasia, often the subject of our pets inevitably comes up. It is common practice when our pets become ill or injured, to put them out of their misery, we have them, as we say, put to sleep, or put down. You never hear of someone keeping their pet alive on life sustaining machines and medications. When asked why they chose to put down their pet, almost everyone answers with they couldnt bear to see the animal suffer. So then why do feel the need to keep our humans alive? Currently there are four states in the U. S. hat have legalized active euthanasia operating theater in 1994 by the Oregon Death and Dignity Act, , Texas in 1999 by the Texas Futile Care Law, Washington in 2008 by the Washington Death and Dignity Act and Montana in 2008 through a trial court ruling, Baxter vs. Montana. It is also legal in several European and eastern countries, such as Belgium, Columbia, and the Netherlands. It is legal in certain situations in Switzerland. In conclusion, using the Utilitarian and Subjectivism Moral Principles, should consider voluntary active euthanasia morally acceptable. References Abdulkadir, A. B. , Ansari, A. H. , & Sambo, A.O. (2012). The right to die via euthanasia an expository piece of work of the shariah and laws in selected jurisdictions. Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences, 673+ Barcalow, E. (2007). Moral philosophy Theories and issues. (4th Ed. ed. ). Belmont The Thomson Corporation. Daniel, P. S. (2011). Speaking of the value of life. Kennedy Institute of Ethics daybook,21(2), 181-199,6. Euthanasia (a) in Merriam-webster online dictionary. (2012, March 09). Retrieved from http//www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/euthanasia Friend, Mary Louanne,M. N. , R. N. (2011). Physician-assisted suicide Death with dignity?Journal of Nursing La w,14(3), 110-116. Doi Rothstein, B. R. (1994). Assisted suicide Helping terminally ill. Knight-Ridder Newspapers, 12(10), 615. Mary, L. F. (2011). Physician-assisted suicide Death with dignity? Journal of Nursing Law,14(3), 110-116. doi/913146489 Quinlan, J. , Radimer, F. (2005). My joy, my sorrow. Cincinnati, OH St. Anthony Messenger Press. Rachels, J. (1975) Active and passive euthanasia . The New England Journal of Medicine 292 78-80 Rachels, J. (2001) Killing and letting die. Encyclopedia of Ethics 2nd ed. 2 947-50 Steinbock, B. , Norcross, A. (1994). Killing and letting die. Fordham Univ Pr.

Children in the Philippines: No Time for Play Essay

Children in the Philippines No Time for Play What brand of sugar are you using right now? Where was it made? Do you know what went into the fashioning of your sugar? It could be the blood of a child, the sweat of a child, the tears ofa child. Now, as I read nearly child labor, I look grim at the pack of sugar I am using. I twist it around in an attempt to get a look at the tag, I can read the plain white tape into the tag Manu featureured in Negros Occidental. As I slowly put the sugar on the table, I think ab fall out what it means. Negros Occidental is the major producer of sugarcane and a major home to child labor.According to DOLE, an estimated 3 5 one million million million fly the cooping children are there in the Philippines. As likely as non, the pack of sugar Im using is the product of some ill-fated child forced by circumstances to work away his or her childhood in a sweatshop. It feels sad that what we use as our daily good is the work of the poor Filipino childre n. The child is the father of man. This famous line quoted by William Wordsworth refers to the importance of the child for the development of society as well as for the all-round development of the human race.Childhood is the time to garner the best hysical, intellectual and emotional capacity to fulfill this duty towards the nation and to ones own self. However, this simple rule of nature has been crippled by the ever- growing menace of child labor. If one conceives the idea of child labor, it brings before the eyes the yield of exploitation of little, physically tender, illiterate and under-nourished children working in hazardous and unhealthy conditions.As what we adage last Tuesday, September 7, 2010 in our film showing about Social Class at the Educational Media Center of CPL, it is very depressing that many Filipino children are under child labor. In Sudtonggan, Cebu children are carrying lashings of marble stone on their head. In Diwalwal, Davao del Norte, children are lab orers through the night. Children at about 12 years old are mining in enigmatical tunnels. Mining is a very dangerous Job because going inside the tunnel is a 50/50 chance that you can get out alive.A lot has already been died inside the tunnel due to dynamite smoke, falling rocks, and avalanche. Many children also died because of mercury poisoning from the fish that they eat because in making gold the ore that the miners collect are mixed with water and mercury and the mercury deposits are disposed nto their lands leading to the sickness of their people and themselves. We also saw in the film, a girl named Angeli Cabrera, a 10 year old girl who lives at Manapla, Negros Occidental.Angeli utilize to work in a hacienda (a sugarcane factory) in their place and earn not as much as 50 pesos a day. Due to her work she is always absent lost one of her finger, her classmates used to tease her, she said to her classmates she got wounds not because of playing but because of hard work. There are also cases especially in Ormoc, Leyte where children are told or brainwashed by a recruiter that there is a good Job in their place. The recruiter will bring them into the ship to manilla and force them to work in a sweatshop quite of working in a good job as a saleslady.The worst part of it is that they are jail. The children are not allowed to send letters to their parents. The imprisoned children struggled in the sweatshop. Hopefully the Kamanglayan Development Center retrieve the children in that sweatshop and imprisoned the recruiter behind it. Now the Kamanglayan Development Center are monitoring children that travel to Manila by the boat and the most successful organization for working children. Can you imagine that millions of children are working nowadays? Its a mere fact and a astronomical frustration to us all.More and more children are forced to child labor because of poverty. They had suffered hunger and thirst, hurting in the body and pain in the heart. They h ad sacrificed their life instead of playing they are working, instead of studying they are sweating. Working children are deprived of playing. Children are supposed to play and not to work in sweatshops because being a child doesnt last forever. They should enjoy their childhood and be happy with his or her amily yet it is a big wake up call to us all that not all people live within their means.Filipino families suffer the economic crisis of our country. Many parents work hard and still cannot fully support their family and that is why children are forced to work because they pity their parents and they work in order to help them. The love that the Filipino children give to their parents is very noble yet the way they help their parents is too much, child labor is not the best way to help their parents. Children are pain and shouting No time for play. Yes, poverty has greatly ruled the land yet when will this suffering end?

10 Ways to Keep Fit

The Dorm Room Diet Start chugging. Water helps you curb food cravings and feel overflowing longer all for a grand total of zero calories. Sip on your water nursing bottle throughout the day to stay hydrated and lose some of that holiday weight. depart in a DVD. A workout DVD, that is. There are tons of options on the market, including Kim Kardashians Fit In Your Jeans By Friday series and The Pussy Cat Dolls Workout. Um, girls, you might want to stash these so your BF doesnt scam them. Pop in a DVD. A workout DVD, that is.There are tons of options on the market, including Kim Kardashians Fit In Your Jeans By Friday series and The Pussy Cat Dolls Workout. Um, girls, you might want to stash these so your BF doesnt swipe them. Dont touch that dial. Squeeze in a little consummation when your favorite TV show takes a commercial break. Valerie Orsoni, founder of LeBootCamp, recommends fitting in a minute each of march in place, squats, pushups and crunches, followed by an addition al minute of marching in place for a mini exercise boost.Muscular System Muscle MetabolismDownload an app. Grab your iPhone and download Body Fitness, a free application that offers over 320 exercises, manage with instructions and photos. As an added bonus, download Lose It (also free ) to track your calorie intake and how much you hack off from the exercise. Clean up. Vacuum, dust and put outside your laundry to get a spotless hallway room and a thinner shape. Just 30 minutes of household cleaning burns 85 calories for a 125-pound person. Dont skip.While cutting out food might seem like the best way to shed pounds, skipping meals slows down your metabolism, which eventually causes you to gain more weight. Eat regular meals full of plunk veggies and lean protein to keep your weight in check. Buy some motivation. Use those holiday gift certificates to pick up some exercise gear, suggests Morgan. Exercise bands, a medicine ball and a yoga mat end be bought online and kept in yo ur room to give you the initiative to get moving.Bust a move. No affect to head out to the hottest frat party to get your muscles moving. Crank up the tunes and dance the afternoon away to burn some extra calories. If free-styling isnt your thing, turn on Dance Dance Revolution for a few choreographed steps. Redecorate. Give your room a fresh new look and give your muscles a soaked workout. Rearranging furniture is serious exercise, so give your dorm the new setup youve been dying to try out.

Gonzales V. Raich

Pace University Michael Khoo LAW 101 Gonzales v. Raich(545 U. S. 1 (U. S. Sup. Ct. 2005)) I. FACTS Angel Raich and Diane Monson (plaintiffs) suffered from stark medical conditions and the only effective treatment was the use of cannabis which was recommended by the doctors. In 1996, a calcium statue, under the name of The Compassionate Use influence, was established to legally allow marijuana to be employ only for healthful purposes. Monson cultivated her own Marijuana for her own usage as she relied on it severely for daily functions.The Drug Enforcement Administration (defendant) came to Monsons house, observed the cannabis plants and destroyed all six of them. Raich and Monson sued the DEA to develop an injunction that would inhibit the enforcement of the federal Control fondness Act (CSA) on Monson. The CSA classifies marijuana as a controlled substance. Raich and Monson claimed that enforcing the CSA would violate the Commerce Clause and the Due Process Clause of the Fi fth Amendment. II. JUDGEMENT Angel Raich and Diane Monson (plaintiffs) win the contingency.The Drug Enforcement Administration (defendant) lost the case. III. LEGAL PRINCIPAL A. ISSUE Whether Congress reason to regulate interstate markets for medical substances encompasses the portions of those markets that are supplied with drugs produced and consumed locally. B. HOLDING No. IV. REASONING A. GENERAL ANALYSIS In this Constitutional Case, the Controlled Substance Act (CSA) gives Congress and the Federal government the right to confiscate and/ or destroy any discovered controlled substances.Marijuana is considered a schedule 1 controlled substance due to hazards, high potential for abuse and lack of medicinal benefits. The Compassionate Use Act was created in 1996 in California as a statue that legally allows Marijuana to be used only for medicinal and medical purposes. The argument used against the DEA for enforcing the CSA on the plaintiffs is that it would be a violation of the Commerce Clause which is a major component of the Fifth Amendment.The Commerce Clause establishes that the congress has the authority to oversee, regulate and intervene in interstate commercial activity. B. APPLIED ANALYSIS The Controlled Substance Acts jurisdiction was used by the DEA to destroy Marijuana in Monsons house because of the saucer-eyed fact that Marijuana is categorized as a Schedule 1 controlled substance. However the plaintiffs argue that much(prenominal) action would take away the power of the Commerce Clause of the Fifth Amendment which states that the federal government body has the authority to overlook and regulate interstate activity.Nowhere in that clause does it give the federal body the power to regulate intrastate activity which is the case of the cultivation of marijuana in Monsons house. In add-on to that, the Compassionate Use Act supports the cultivation of marijuana in Monsons house because Monson is a unhurried who was severely ill and whose life was dependent on the usage of Marijuana for recovery. According to the circumstances of this case in which the possession of marijuana was due to health, medical and medicinal reason, and for abuse purposes, the Supreme Court has overruled the DEA to penalise the CSA on Monson.

Internal Control Requirements for Publicly Traded Companies

In a meeting last week, the president of LJB expressed interest of going public in the next future and asked us about the interior conceal requirements for such action. To become publicly listed, LJB essential conserve the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX), which requires all US publicly traded companies to maintain an adequate governing body of internal control. Under SOX fraction 404, a company must report on internal controls over financial reporting in its annual report.Four key elements must be included in this report (Smith, Ledyard) 1. avouchment of debt instrument by the company management (CEO and CFO) for establishing and maintaining an adequate internal control structure and procedure for financial reporting. 2. Statement identifying the framework exercised by management to evaluate the military strength of the companys internal control over financial reporting. 3. Managements assessment of the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting. 4. evi dence by the companys external auditor on managements assessment of the effectiveness of the companys internal controls and procedures for financial reporting. As the president of LJB, he and other executives and board of directors must ensure that the internal controls are reliable and effective. In addition, he must hire independent away auditors to attest to the adequacy of the internal control system. LJBs Proper Internal Controls To become publicly listed, LJB must ensure and maintain an adequate and effective internal control system.After evaluating LJBs current internal controls, I have order several positive acts. First, the accountant of LJB has recently started to use prenumbered invoices, which I accept to be a right decision because all companies, including LJB, should establish proper certification procedures. LJB should document transactions and events when they occur. The use of prenumbered invoices after part help to prevent a transaction from being recorded mo re than once, or conversely, from non being recorded at all (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, p. 341).In addition, an effective internal control system should require that all source documents be promptly forwarded to the accounting incision for accounting entries this helps to ensure by the bye recording of the transactions and contributes directly to the accuracy and reliability of the accounting records (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, p. 341). So when the accountant has asked for buying an indelible ink machine to print checks, I believe it will be a wise and obligatory purchase. Second, the accountant does a good job of pitiful all checks into a safe in his percentage during weekends.This is in compliance with physiologic controls, which relate to the safeguarding of assets and enhance the accuracy and reliability of the accounting records (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, p. 342). By moving the checks into the safe, they are secured during nonbusiness hours and not ap proachingible to no maven, this prevents potential fraud and theft. LJBs Improper Internal Controls On the other hand, thither are several other controls which LJB is not doing properly. First, the accountant is now serving ii roles as both treasurer and controller.This is a violation of segregation of duties. Different individuals should be trusty for related activities, however, the accountant is responsible for both supply purchases and payments for these purchases, and this increases the potential for errors and irregularities (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, p. 339). Since the accountant raise make orders of supplies without supervisory approval, he may be tempted to receive kickbacks from suppliers (not saying he will) he may authorize payments for fictitious invoices since he as well as has payment authorization.Moreover, the accountant should not be responsible for both receiving checks and completing monthly desire reconciliations, because since he is the person who wangles record keeping for LJB, he should be neither responsible for physical handgrip of the received checks (which are basically cash) nor have access to them (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, p. 340). Both vacancies of segregation of related activities and segregation of record-keeping from physical custody controls leave a great potential of fraud for LJB, not mentioning there is a inadequacy of independent internal verification (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, p. 343).Second, LJB is missing control over its junior-grade cash. If all employees have access to petty cash, it is a violation of establishment of responsibility (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, pp. 338-339). In addition, not only no one is responsible for the petty cash, employees who use the money are only asked to leave a note, this violates the documentation procedures controls. Third, the exit incident indicates LJB is doing poorly on three controls human resource controls (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, p . 344), physical controls, and establishment of responsibility. LJB did not fetch a thorough background check on the convicted employee.If a thorough background check was performed LJB should had found out that this person was convicted guilty and served time for molesting children. Also, since LJB does not assign individual passwords to employees, it was no surprise that it had bother getting the convicted employees confession of viewing pornography on company computer. Last, the accountant should not be engaged in interviewing and approving new hires, since he is already responsible for other tasks. Instead, the human resources department should be involved in the hiring process, along with the president.Recommendations for Improvement These poor internal controls indicate LJBs pic to frauds, which not only serve as threats to LJB but in addition hinder the companys power of going public. Nevertheless, actions can be taken to fix such flaws. First of all, LJB should assign di fferent individuals to handle supply purchase and payment tasks. If the accountant is responsible for making orders of supplies, he should receive approvals for these purchases, and should not be granted payment authorization. If he authorizes payments, he should not be made responsible for purchasing supplies.Also, since he prepares bank reconciliations, he should not have custody of the received checks a different individual should be designate for such task. In addition, for enhanced security, LJB can assign another employee who is independent of the personnel responsible for the activities to conduct independent internal verification. He/she can compare the payment checks to invoices he/she can also compare total knows to bank deposits on a monthly basis to see if there is reconciliation between the cash balance per books and the cash balance per bank.If there is any discrepancy, he/she can report to the management immediately for corrective action (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, pp. 343-344). Secondary, LJB needs to set up a petty cash fund (not sure one is existed currently) and appoint a custodian who is responsible for such fund. coat of the petty cash fund should be determined, expenditures from the fund should be limited and certain types of transactions should not be permitted from the fund. The custodian of the und should have authority to make payments from petty cash that conform to these prescribed policies (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, p. 367). Also, for documentation purpose, instead of a note from users of the petty cash, each payment from the fund must be document on a prenumbered petty cash receipt, signatures of both the custodian and the individual who receiving payment must be on the receipt. If other supporting documents such as an invoice are available, they should be attached to the receipt (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, p. 367).Furthermore, internal control over petty cash fund can be strengthened by (1) having a supervi sor make surprise counts of the fund to ascertain whether the paid petty cash service and fund cash equal the designated amount, and (2) canceling or mutilating the paid petty cash receipts so they cannot be resubmitted for reimbursement (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, p. 369). Lastly, from now on, LJB must conduct thorough background checks on all new hires. Two things can be verified to support the checks (1) Check to see whether job applicants actually graduated from the schools they list. 2) Never use the telephone numbers for previous employers given on the reference sheet always look them up (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2011, p. 344). The human resources department should be held responsible for all background checks. In addition, all employees should be assigned individual passwords for signing into company computers, and these passwords should only be known to the individuals whom they are assigned to. LJB may also consider installing an advanced firewall program on comput ers which prohibits users from logging in external indecent websites.

Comparative Analysis of the Movie Essay

The celluloids put one across good story lines and scripts. Since both the picture shows were music and dance based, the music of the movies has been very good. tip Tank Nowhere Boy Year of Release 2009 2010 Genre and Theme Drama Drama plot line brief/ Narrative Based on the life of the girl who ilks to go for the street bound. Based on the life of the boy who was living with aunt and wanted to be a guitarist. Characters Leading book of facts of the movie is the 21st century girl but she lives alone and just practices her street dance.Leading character of the movie is the boy of 21st century too but wanted to learn playing guitar and want to pull up stakes everything of his past. Locations (Shown and Shot) Mardyke Estate in Havering Liverpool and at Ealing Studios in West London Costume Dressing Designer kitchen-gardening represented Usually in the denim and T-shirt, boxers, track suits, hip-hop or street dance costumes. Jane Petrie register culture Sophisticated dressing a s per the role requirement of a guitarist and usually in proper uniform like school uniform or formal school uniform. Juliar Day yield culture.Settings of the movie This was the dodge movie and based on dance. The girl lived with mother and sister. This movie was overly the art movie but based on instrument playing. Single family of Aunt and John was the main setting. office of leading characters towards the world In this movie, Mia lives isolated from the world and she only(prenominal) do practice of her street bound in her house. John live with his aunt and enjoy the social culture like going tabu on trips, parties etc with friends. Mode of enjoyment of the leading characters Mia only likes to dance so she enjoys that. Johnson likes to play guitar and he only like to do that.Similarity The movie was based on an art form, teenager or early days oriented. The characters wanted to learn particular dance form. She saw a street dancer which become cum of inspiration This movie was also based on art teenager or youth oriented. The character wanted to learn particular music. He attended a show which became his source of inspiration for accomplishment and playing Guitar. Difference The movie is female oriented, where the comparatively new dance form of Street dancing has been focused. In this movie, the leading character wanted to learn guitar and enjoyed playing Guitar the most and was excellent with that.His passion for Guitar has make him practice as lots as he could perform much beyond his age like professionals. Conclusion In both the movies, the main asp viperect was to show the life of the teenage girl and a boy that how the society deals with. In Fish Tank, Mia was the girl who got admired by the street dancers who were performing and in Nowhere Boy also, John got admired from the guitarist who can be able to play much better than the band. And in both the movies, director had shown clearly that the future is influenced by the past.So Mia got tense d in the movie Fish Tank as she heard that Connor had left them and in Nowhere Boy, John was also got irritated due to his past. These movies was generally built for the young generation people as they already have pressure of studies and their hobbies and what they want to be in their life. Society also provide pressure to them which result in making pressure in the mind of the child and due to this many children left studying and they got distract from their hobbies too.Reference British Film Industry available at http//news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/in_depth/entertainment/2003/british_film_industry/default. short-term memoryCurran and Porter, 1993 British Cinema History, London Weidenfeld & Nicholson 9-23 Murphy, R. ed. , 2009 The British Cinema Book, London BFI, 1-64, 65-142 Fish Tank official website http//www. michaelfassbender. org/episodesfte. hypertext mark-up language http//www. hollywoodreporter. com/hr/film-reviews/fish-tank-film-review-1003973214. story Image Fish Tank from http//www. movieroar. com/images/fish-tankpster1. jpg Nowhere Boy Movie Review http//www. futuremovies. co. uk/review. asp? ID=1110 No Where Boy movie details available at http//www. nowhereboy. co. uk/ http//www. hollywoodreporter. com/hr/film-reviews/nowhere-boy-film-review-1004031851. story.